Prion degradation pathways: Potential for therapeutic intervention

Prion diseases are fatal neurodegenerative disorders. Pathology is closely linked to the misfolding of native cellular PrP(C) into the disease-associated form PrP(Sc) that accumulates in the brain as disease progresses. Although treatments have yet to be developed, strategies aimed at stimulating the degradation of PrP(Sc) have shown efficacy in experimental models of prion disease. Here, we describe the cellular pathways that mediate PrP(Sc) degradation and review possible targets for therapeutic intervention. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled 'Neuronal Protein'

External liquid-spray cooling of turbine blades Patent

External device for liquid spray cooling of gas turbine blade

Climate justice: integrating economics and philosophy

This is the author accepted manuscript. The final version is available from [publisher] via the DOI in this record

Increasing fuel prices and market distortion in a domestic road haulage market: the case of the UK

Differences in diesel fuel prices can significantly distort competition both between and within domestic road haulage markets. This is well illustrated by the case of the UK, where diesel fuel prices are by far the highest in the EU. The paper examines the effects of high and rising fuel prices on cabotage penetration in the UK road freight market and reviews a series of measures that have been proposed to ‘level the playing field’ between British and foreign hauliers. Within domestic haulage markets, carriers also vary in the extent to which they can recover fuel price increases from shippers. The paper reviews recent empirical evidence on this subject collected in the UK and outlines several methods of compensating hauliers for fuel price rises

Dual-Class Capital Structures: A Legal, Theoretical & Empirical Buy-Side Analysis

“The advantage of a dual-class share structure is that it protects entrepreneurial management from the demands of ordinary shareholders. The disadvantage of a dual-class share structure is that it protects entrepreneurial management from the demands of shareholders.” Issuing dual classes of stock has become hotly debated since two major events transpired in 2014: (1) Facebook acquired WhatsApp for $19 billion and (2) Alibaba chose to list its shares on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) instead of the Hong Kong Exchange. Because dual-class managers, like those at Facebook and Alibaba, retain a controlling voting block, their decisions are immune from activist investors or others who disagree with corporate actions. This protection allowed Mark Zuckerberg to acquire WhatsApp at an enormous price that stockholders may have resisted, and it is why Alibaba chose to list on the NYSE even though its stockholders may have found the Hong Kong Exchange to be a more natural fit. This Comment seeks to determine whether the one-man decisional structures at Facebook and Alibaba—accomplished through dual classes of stock—allow such managers to undertake, what the market perceives to be, value-destroying transactions more often than their single-class counterparts